{
 "slug": "third-aisne",
 "title": "Third Battle of the Aisne",
 "status": "draft",
 "era": "1900–1918",
 "date_text": "27 May – 6 June 1918",
 "start": "1918-05-27",
 "end": "1918-06-06",
 "war": "World War I",
 "cdb90_war": "WORLD WAR I (WESTERN FRONT 1918)",
 "place": {
  "name": "Chemin des Dames ridge and the Aisne valley to the Marne, Aisne, France",
  "lat": 49.3833,
  "lon": 3.7333,
  "wikidata": "Q2462283"
 },
 "lede": "On 27 May 1918 the heaviest German bombardment of the war smashed the French Sixth Army and a tired British corps on the Chemin des Dames; in a week the Germans drove some 50 kilometres to the Marne, but won no decision.",
 "result": "German tactical and operational victory; strategic failure",
 "result_cdb90": "attacker loss",
 "belligerents": [
  {
   "role": "attacker",
   "name": "German Seventh Army and left wing of the First Army (Army Group German Crown Prince)",
   "commanders": [
    "Crown Prince Wilhelm",
    "Gen Erich Ludendorff",
    "Col Gen Max von Boehn",
    "Col Georg Bruchmüller"
   ],
   "strength": {
    "value": 250000,
    "low": null,
    "high": null,
    "source": "s1"
   },
   "casualties": {
    "value": 105000,
    "low": 105000,
    "high": 130370,
    "source": "s3"
   }
  },
  {
   "role": "defender",
   "name": "French Sixth Army with British IX Corps, reinforced by French reserves and the US 2nd and 3rd Divisions",
   "commanders": [
    "Gen Denis Auguste Duchêne",
    "Gen Philippe Pétain",
    "Lt Gen Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon",
    "Gen Louis de Maud'huy"
   ],
   "strength": null,
   "casualties": {
    "value": 127337,
    "low": 127000,
    "high": 128000,
    "source": "s2"
   }
  }
 ],
 "sections": {
  "background": "Between March and July 1918 Ludendorff launched five great offensives in the West, hoping to win before American numbers told. The first two, in March and April, had fallen on the British on the Somme and the Lys. His decisive blow was still meant to fall on the British in Flanders, but the French reserves stood behind them. The third offensive, Blücher-Yorck, was therefore a diversion: a blow against the French on the Aisne to draw those reserves south.\n\nThe sector chosen was the Chemin des Dames, a narrow ridge north of the Aisne that the French had taken at great cost in 1917. It was thought quiet. In late April Foch persuaded Haig to send worn British divisions there in exchange for fresh French ones, and the IX Corps (Lieutenant-General Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon) arrived with the 8th, 21st, 25th and 50th Divisions, all of which had suffered very heavy losses in March and April and were filled up with young drafts. By mid-May three of them held the right of Duchêne's Sixth Army between the Chemin des Dames and Reims. A French officer handing over told them: 'You are rats in a trap.'\n\nPétain's instructions of December 1917 laid down a thinly held forward zone and a main battle on a second position out of range of the enemy's field guns. Duchêne refused to give up the ridge and packed his infantry forward. Pétain, whose chief of staff was Duchêne's brother-in-law, reluctantly let him fight his own battle. Only on the afternoon of 26 May, after two prisoners talked, was the Sixth Army warned that an attack would come next morning.",
  "forces": "Army Group German Crown Prince attacked with the Seventh Army (Max von Boehn), in five corps from east to west under Schmettow, Conta, Winckler, Wichura and Larisch, with the First Army's right corps facing Reims. The fresh assault divisions came mainly from the Eighteenth Army. Seventeen divisions stood in the first line and six in the second against six Allied divisions in line and four in reserve; on the 24-mile front of the break-in, thirteen faced four. The infantry were trained assault divisions, but the weapon of the day was the artillery: 1,036 batteries in Edmonds's count, 5,263 guns against 1,422 in Zabecki's, with trench mortars and masses of gas shell, all planned by Colonel Georg Bruchmüller, who had run the March bombardments.\n\nThe Sixth Army held some 55 miles with an average of sixteen divisions. From right to left on 26 May stood the French 45th Division, the British 21st, 8th and 50th Divisions, the French XI Corps (de Maud'huy) on the ridge with the 22nd, 21st and 61st Divisions, and the XXX Corps further west. The British 25th and the French 39th, 74th and 157th were in reserve. The British divisions were exhausted and half-trained, the French spread thin on a front judged suitable only for quiet times. Behind lay the Aisne and the Vesle, whose bridges would decide much.",
  "course": "**The bombardment, 27 May, 1 a.m.** At 1 a.m. Allied time (2 a.m. German) the German guns opened on a moonless night along 24 miles from Berry-au-Bac to Chavignon, extended for deception to about 36. For ten minutes every gun and mortar fired gas at every target in reach; for the next 65 minutes the mass of batteries turned on the Allied artillery while the mortars destroyed the forward trenches and wire; for 85 more minutes counter-battery and destructive fire swept back and forth over the defences, with long-range guns reaching back to the Vesle. At 3.35 a.m. the creeping barrage came down on the front trenches and at 3.40 the infantry went in. Most Allied batteries north of the Aisne were already silenced and the front zone largely obliterated.\n\n**The ridge and the Aisne, morning of 27 May.** The heaviest weight fell on the French 22nd Division and the British 50th in the centre, eight divisions against two. The forward positions went in the first rush. In the 8th Division's sector the 2nd Devonshire, sheltered in tunnels under the Bois des Buttes, came out at first light and held the wood for nearly three hours until they were surrounded; Lieutenant-Colonel Anderson-Morshead was killed and about fifty men got back across the Aisne. Brigadier-General Rees of the 150th Brigade was captured. The British 25th Division was thrown in from reserve on the Green Line south of the river. The Germans crossed the Aisne around noon, some by bridges that had not been blown, and by evening were over the Vesle west of Fismes. Zabecki puts the day's advance at 13 miles, the greatest of the war on the Western Front.\n\n**28–29 May: the Vesle and Soissons.** The IX Corps was pushed south of the Vesle about Jonchery by evening on the 28th. In the west the German 5th Division crossed the Aisne by a weir and a damaged railway bridge and cleared Soissons; Edmonds has it taken on the evening of the 28th, the ABMC early on the 29th. On the 28th Pétain began moving reserve divisions in; they arrived piecemeal and were swallowed in turn. By the evening of the 29th the line ran from south of Soissons to Fère-en-Tardenois.\n\n**30 May – 1 June: the Marne.** On 30 May German divisions reached the Marne between Chartèves and Dormans, the first of them at 2.10 p.m., and found the bridges blown. The German count that evening was more than 50,000 prisoners and about 800 guns. What had been a diversion now looked like a road to Paris, and Ludendorff fed in more divisions. On the 31st the Germans reached the eastern edge of Château-Thierry. That evening the motorised 7th Machine Gun Battalion of the US 3rd Division arrived and, with French troops, held the crossings in the town; on the night of 1 June the French blew the highway bridge. The US 2nd Division, trucked to Meaux overnight, took up a line astride the Paris road north-west of Château-Thierry on 1 June, and the 3rd Division's infantry reinforced the French along the Marne.\n\n**2–6 June: the halt.** The Germans were tired, short of supply and down to one division in reserve. On 3 June the French wiped out a bridgehead at Jaulgonne. On the 4th attacks on the western wing achieved little, and Boehn, at the suggestion of the high command, decided to stop major operations; HERO dates the end to Ludendorff's decision that day. A last local attack on the Montagne de Bligny on 6 June was beaten off by the British 19th Division. The fighting west of Château-Thierry passed into the Battle of Belleau Wood.",
  "aftermath": "In about ten days the Germans had driven a salient roughly 50 kilometres deep between Soissons and Reims, taken some 50,000–60,000 prisoners and 650 or more guns, and destroyed the British IX Corps as a fighting force. Allied casualties were about 127,000; German estimates run from about 105,000 to 130,000. Paris was within some 70–80 kilometres, the government prepared to leave for Bordeaux, and Pétain sacked Duchêne, replacing him with Degoutte.\n\nYet the offensive had overrun its purpose. Its object was to pull French reserves from Flanders; instead it pulled in German ones, using up divisions meant for the Flanders blow, which was postponed and never came. The deep salient was left hard to hold, and on 18 July the Allied counter-stroke of the Second Battle of the Marne struck it. The German official monograph noted that, unlike the Allies, Germany could not replace the men it lost.\n\nThe argument over 27 May has centred on Duchêne. HERO judges that defence in depth might have stopped the Germans; Edmonds blames Duchêne's packing of the forward zone but notes that Pétain let him do it and that Clemenceau had earlier criticised Pétain's elastic doctrine. CDB90's coding of the battle as a German loss reflects the strategic verdict; on the ground it was among the biggest German gains of the war.",
  "wargaming": "Blücher works at two scales. The first day suits a brigade or battalion-level game on the ridge and the Aisne valley: a defender who has been ordered to hold the forward trenches, whose artillery and communications die in the first two hours, and who must decide when and where to blow bridges behind him. The Bois des Buttes, with one battalion in tunnels and a wood to hold, makes a strong small scenario, as does the scramble for the Aisne crossings.\n\nThe ten-day campaign suits an operational game with divisions or regiments as units, daily or half-day turns and roughly 2–5 kilometres to the hex. Here the German player must balance a startling breakthrough against fatigue, the loss of bridges and a supply line through Soissons, while the Allied player arrives piecemeal by lorry and rail with reserves that cannot all be held back.\n\nThe what-ifs are rich. Play the first day with Pétain's doctrine instead of Duchêne's, the forward zone thinly held and the battle fought on the Green Line south of the Aisne. Let the French blow every bridge in time. Give the Germans a firmer objective: stop on the Vesle as planned, or drive for Paris from the 30th. A victory condition that rewards the German player for drawing Allied reserves rather than for ground will reproduce the dilemma Ludendorff faced."
 },
 "images": [
  {
   "file": "File:Map of Germans Aisne offensive 1918.svg",
   "kind": "map",
   "caption": "The German Aisne offensive, 27 May – 6 June 1918, with the stages of the Allied retreat.",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Map_of_Germans_Aisne_offensive_1918.svg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
   "thumb": "https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Map_of_Germans_Aisne_offensive_1918.svg/960px-Map_of_Germans_Aisne_offensive_1918.svg.png?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail",
   "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_Germans_Aisne_offensive_1918.svg",
   "licence": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
   "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0",
   "artist": "Usedtoknowthat , based on File:Aisne Front 1917-Guignicourt.jpg and on a map in \"The Eighth Division 1914-1918\" by Lt.-Col. J H Boraston and Capt. C E O Bax, between pages 240-241. Naval & Military press ISBN9871843421894. Originally published 1926. Simplified by omitting many villages, replacing formation with standard symbols.",
   "credit": "Own work",
   "width": 953
  },
  {
   "file": "File:Devons at Bois des Buttes Map.jpg",
   "kind": "map",
   "caption": "Dispositions of the British 8th Division at 1 a.m. on 27 May 1918, including the 2nd Devonshire at the Bois des Buttes.",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Devons_at_Bois_des_Buttes_Map.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
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   "licence_url": "",
   "artist": "UK army",
   "credit": "Source: The Keep Military Museum , Dorchester, Dorset",
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  },
  {
   "file": "File:Général Duchêne.jpg",
   "kind": "portrait",
   "caption": "General Denis Auguste Duchêne, commander of the French Sixth Army.",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/G%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_Duch%C3%AAne.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
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   "artist": "Le Petit Journal Illustré",
   "credit": "http://a404.idata.over-blog.com/352x500/2/12/47/89/Premiere-guerre-mondiale/dUCHENE.jpg",
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  },
  {
   "file": "File:PB29 – Blücher-Angriff – Aisne – Pêcherie-Fme.jpg",
   "kind": "photo",
   "caption": "German pioneers of the 29th Pioneer Battalion bridging the Aisne near Pêcherie Farm, May 1918.",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/PB29_%E2%80%93_Bl%C3%BCcher-Angriff_%E2%80%93_Aisne_%E2%80%93_P%C3%AAcherie-Fme.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
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   "page": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PB29_%E2%80%93_Bl%C3%BCcher-Angriff_%E2%80%93_Aisne_%E2%80%93_P%C3%AAcherie-Fme.jpg",
   "licence": "Public domain",
   "licence_url": "",
   "artist": "Unknown author Unknown author - Author wrote the Story but he used and didn't create the photos or pictures before",
   "credit": "Hans Troebst, Artur Leipold: Das Posensche Pionier-Bataillon Nr. 29 und seine Kriegsformationen Reserve-Pionier-Bataillon 33, Pionier-Kompanien 107, 361 und 401, Pion.-Bel.-Tr. 10 und 29 ; Tafel, 12 Bilder, Kartenskizze, 541 Seiten; Traditions-Verlag Kolk, Berlin 1932.",
   "width": 2530
  },
  {
   "file": "File:The German Spring Offensive, March-july 1918 Q6687.jpg",
   "kind": "photo",
   "caption": "French refugees and retiring French troops on the road at Châtillon, 29 May 1918.",
   "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/The_German_Spring_Offensive%2C_March-july_1918_Q6687.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
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   "artist": "John Warwick Brooke",
   "credit": "http://media.iwm.org.uk/iwm/mediaLib//232/media-232528/large.jpg This photograph Q 6687 comes from the collections of the Imperial War Museums .",
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  },
  {
   "file": "File:The German Spring Offensive, March-july 1918 Q6676.jpg",
   "kind": "photo",
   "caption": "French infantry coming back through Passy-sur-Marne pass a British regimental band resting by the roadside, 29 May 1918.",
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 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "id": "s1",
   "title": "HERO for US Army Concepts Analysis Agency, CAA-SR-84-6, Analysis of Factors That Have Influenced Outcomes of Battles and Wars, Vol. V (1984), engagement narrative p. 226 (Chemin des Dames), with the CDB90 data",
   "url": "https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADB087720",
   "kind": "primary"
  },
  {
   "id": "s2",
   "title": "J. E. Edmonds, Military Operations, France and Belgium, 1918, Vol. III: May–July (London: Macmillan, 1939), chs. II–IX",
   "url": "https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.210685",
   "kind": "book"
  },
  {
   "id": "s3",
   "title": "David T. Zabecki, 'Chemin des Dames', Military History (May 2021), HistoryNet",
   "url": "https://historynet.com/chemin-des-dames/",
   "kind": "article"
  },
  {
   "id": "s4",
   "title": "American Battle Monuments Commission, American Armies and Battlefields in Europe (Washington: GPO, 1938), Aisne-Marne chapter",
   "url": "https://archive.org/details/americanarmiesba00wash",
   "kind": "book"
  },
  {
   "id": "s5",
   "title": "Wikipedia, Third Battle of the Aisne (used for Duchêne's replacement by Degoutte and for figures it cites from works not read here: Marix Evans; Hart)",
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Battle_of_the_Aisne",
   "kind": "web"
  },
  {
   "id": "s6",
   "title": "Wikipedia (German), Schlacht an der Aisne (1918) (German corps and dates of the advance, citing Reichsarchiv, Der Weltkrieg Bd. XIV; not read)",
   "url": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlacht_an_der_Aisne_(1918)",
   "kind": "web"
  },
  {
   "id": "s7",
   "title": "Chris Baker, The Long, Long Trail: The Battle of the Aisne, 1918",
   "url": "https://www.longlongtrail.co.uk/?p=1890",
   "kind": "web"
  }
 ],
 "cdb90": [
  334
 ],
 "order": 144,
 "url": "https://battles.georgewyrd.com/third-aisne/",
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   "caption": "A burial party of the 42nd Division, these parties were kept busy for days digging graves for the dead that littered the fields and woods after the advance beyond Chateau-Thierry. Beuvardes, France, 30 July 1918",
   "year": 1918,
   "licence": "Public domain",
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   "caption": "Map Of The Western Front July 15 1918",
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   "artist": "FRANK M. McMURRY, PH.D.",
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 "photos_kind": "photographs",
 "newspapers": {
  "slug": "third-aisne",
  "query": "Aisne",
  "from": "1918-05-27",
  "to": "1918-06-20",
  "total": 2353,
  "rights": "Library of Congress, Chronicling America: newspapers published before 1931, in the public domain. Text machine-read from the scanned page.",
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   {
    "date": "1918-05-28",
    "paper": "Evening star (Washington, D.C.)",
    "place": "Washington, District Of Columbia",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn83045462/1918-05-28/ed-1/?sp=1",
    "snippet": "... forced a (passage of the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] river west j jof the British sector, compelling! the left of the British line to fall! back, the war office announces. The enemy maintained pres sure all day yesterday against the British on the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front. Severe fighting continues today. In Flanders, on the Lys front, local fighting was resumed this morning. The Germans are developing] attacks of great strength along j the entire [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front Text of Announcement. The announcement follows: \"Continuous pressure was maintained by the enemy all day yesterday against the British troops engaged on the Alan* front, and severe fighting is ?till taking place on the whole front Of the British sector. \"On our right ..."
   },
   {
    "date": "1918-05-28",
    "paper": "The Bismarck tribune (Bismarck, N.D.)",
    "place": "Bismarck, North Dakota",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn85042243/1918-05-28/ed-1/?sp=1",
    "snippet": "... terday forced a passage of,the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] river west Of the British sector, com­ pelling the left of the British line to fall back, the war office announces. The enemy maintained pressure all day yesterday against the British on the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front. Severe fighting con­ tinues today. In Flanders, on the Lys front, local fighting was resumed this morning. The Germans are developing attacks of great strength along the entire [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front. The announcement follows: \"Con­ tinuous pressure was maintained by the enemy all day yesterday against the British troops engaged on the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front, and severe fighting is still HOOSIER AVIATOR DIES IN TAIL SPIN New York, May 28.—Ca­ det Charles B. Passwater of Noblesville, ..."
   },
   {
    "date": "1918-05-28",
    "paper": "Every evening, wilmington daily commercial (wilmington, del.)",
    "place": "Wilmington, Delaware",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn87062237/1918-05-28/ed-1/?sp=1",
    "snippet": "... Infantry Attacks, in Dense ON [[tag]]AISNE[[/tag]] EBON! Masses. Haig's Troops Retire to Second Line of Defenses. London. May 2s \"On the I «H-re-Voor me/eele front th*- French troops repulsed the enemy with great loes Tins announcement was contained in Field Marshal Haig's official rcpori last night. Th«* attack against the sector of Berrv au-Bac. [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] iront, held by the British, was partly successful by reason of an m *ensc !)omh,.riimerit by gas shells and the use of tanks After heavy fighting the British on the left w«re pressed back to prepared positions constituting the sec ond line „icricourt and CY&rmelle ATTACK IN (RE«T force. The statement says: \"At half-past 3 o'clock this FMondav morning the ..."
   },
   {
    "date": "1918-05-28",
    "paper": "The Elkins inter-mountain (Elkins, W. Va.)",
    "place": "Elkins, West Virginia",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn86092280/1918-05-28/ed-1/?sp=1",
    "snippet": "... forced a passage of ine [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] river west of the bri:ish sector compelling the left of ,he British line to fall back the war office announces. The enemy maintained pres sure all day yesterday against the British on the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front. Severe fighting continues today. In Flanders, on the Lys front, local fighting was resumed this morning. The Germans are developing attacks of great strength along the entire [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front. The announcement follows: \"Continuous fighting was main tained by the enemy all day yester day against the British troops en gaged on the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front and severe hghting is still taking place on the vi hole front of the British sector. _ ‘Toward the end ..."
   },
   {
    "date": "1918-05-29",
    "paper": "Daily Kennebec journal (Augusta, Me.)",
    "place": "Augusta, Maine",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn82014248/1918-05-29/ed-1/?sp=1",
    "snippet": "... new German drive on tha [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front, to form conclusive views as to what development are to he expected. In spite of the wide front of attack of the large forces used by the enemy there still was doubt in the minds of most of the of ficers whether a real thrust toward Paris by a new route was in progress or whether the. blow is only a bloody strategic move to pave the way for later renewal of the. effort to crush the British army und split the allied line near Amiens. It a as admitted that reports from the. [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front in the month were unsatisfactory in that they told little or nothing ..."
   },
   {
    "date": "1918-05-29",
    "paper": "The beatrice daily express (beatrice, neb.)",
    "place": "Beatrice, Nebraska",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn84020107/1918-05-29/ed-1/?sp=1",
    "snippet": "... repulsed?’ Advance 15V2 Miles On [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] I Paris, May 29.—\"The German ad vance on certain parts of the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front has reached the depth of fif teen and one-half^ miles,” the Echo of Paris declared today. GERMANY CONSIDERS ADVANCE i ON CHANNEL PORTS TOO DIFFICULT By J. W. T. Mason i New .York, May 29.—Hindenburg’s persistent sacrifice of liis man pow er alonge file subordinate [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] front is the best evidence Germany has given that she considers an ad vance on the channel ports too dif ficult an enterprise to undertake at this time. The [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] operations have gone too far 1o he considered solely as a feint. The death toll that has had to ..."
   },
   {
    "date": "1918-05-30",
    "paper": "Harrisburg telegraph (Harrisburg, Pa.)",
    "place": "Harrisburg, Pennsylvania",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn85038411/1918-05-30/ed-1/?sp=1",
    "snippet": "... by their success on the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]]. The curve in the battle]ine northwest of Rheims has been wiped out and from Soissons eastward the line runs southeast and then east into the Champagne. In the center of the 45-mile front where the German progress has been greatest, the enemy forces are now near Loupeigne four miles north of the river Ouroq and 12 miles north of the Marne. The fighting is almost entirely on territory untouched by the war since 1914. Berlin, in its latest report claims the number of prisoners has increased to 25,000. Enemy Uses Many Reserves Apparently the Germans have used a large part of their reserves in the offensive across the [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] ..."
   },
   {
    "date": "1918-06-20",
    "paper": "The Brookings register (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.)",
    "place": "Brookings, South Dakota",
    "url": "https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn85042792/1918-06-20/ed-1/?sp=2",
    "snippet": "... enemy. In violent fighting between [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] river and forest of Villers Cot terets enemy made slight gains against French. South of [[tag]]Aisne[[/tag]] river fierce lighting down to region of Villers Cotterets, where Germans are attempting to break through and bring line west of Soissons toward Compiegne. ’-\"xcept that combats were particularly st vere on front of Dommiers, Cutry and south of Ambleny, no further details available. In other war theaters there have been no note-worthy ac tivities. One Austrian dreadnaught destroy ed and a second damaged in torpedo attack made by Italian torpedo boats upon Austrian naval division near Dal mation islands. As outcome of recent conferences Japan is preparing a declaration defin ing her ..."
   }
  ]
 }
}